UndergroundStructuralMount Pleasant Station, Part 1: Preconstruction Qualification for Shotcreting of Mass Concrete
Shaun Radomski; Dudley R. (Rusty) Morgan, Ph.D., F.ACI; Lloyd Keller, F.ACI; Daniel Sanchez; & Laura Di Monte
Read MoreMulti-million-dollar underground stations are currently under construction on Metro and LRT lines in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Traditionally, the thick, heavily reinforced structural concrete station walls have been constructed using the conventional form-and-pour concrete construction method. This construction method, while widely used, is not without its
PoolRepairArchitecturalUndergroundStructuralInternationalRecreationalGeneralThe Jetcreter – The First Continuous-Feed, Dry-Mix Gun
Ted Sofis
Read MoreDuring the summer of 1970, on my 18th birthday, my father woke me up and told me they needed me on a job. I drove out that morning in July to the Crucible Specialty Steel plant in Midland, PA. It was my first experience working
UndergroundStructuralMapei’s London Underground Bank Station’s Capacity Upgrade
Enrico Dal Negro, Stefano Anzani, & Steven Price
Read MoreDeep in the heart of London’s financial centre, work has been continuing to make one of the world’s largest stations safer and easier for passengers to use. Finding your way around the existing labyrinth of tunnels, connecting five London underground lines, is a task worthy
RepairUndergroundStructuralAdvances in Shotcrete Technology for Ground Support in Tunnels and Mines in North America
Lihe (John) Zhang, Ph.D., P.Eng., F.ACI & Dudley (Rusty) Morgan, Ph.D., F.ACI
Read MoreIn recent years, shotcrete has been widely used for ground support in civil tunnels and mines in North America. Shotcrete technologies have advanced with robust robotic sprayers, high-performance shotcrete mixture designs, and high-performance fiber reinforcement in conjunction with rigorous qualification of shotcrete nozzlemen and QC
UndergroundInternationalM4 M5 Link Tunnels
David Oliveira
Read MoreThe M4-M5 Link Tunnels in Sydney, Australia, is approximately 7.5 km (4.7 mi) long and accommodates up to four lanes of traffic in each direction. It connects the New M4 Tunnels with the M8 Tunnels to form the 33 km (20 mi) long Westconnex Motorway, mostly underground.
RepairUndergroundStructuralSouth Wastewater Treatment Plant
Spencer Tuell
Read MoreI n early September of 2019, Gulf Coast Underground (GCU) received a call from the City of Baton Rouge and their construction manager, Jacobs Engineering Group (JEG). There was an issue at the South Wastewater Treatment Plant that would require a unique contractor skillset to properly repair. The problem was that the cast-in-place influent structures receiving 65 million gallons (246 ML) of sewer flow daily, were corroding and needed to be repaired quickly
RepairUndergroundPark Avenue Tunnel Rehabilitation
Ashley Cruz
Read MoreThe Park Avenue Tunnel, formerly known as the Murray Hill Tunnel, is a 1,393-foot-long (425 m), 16-foot-wide (5 m), 9-foot-tall (3 m) thoroughfare traversing six New York City blocks. The tunnel was originally constructed in 1837 as an open rock-cut, with a brick arch constructed over the cut in 1854 to create the tunnel profile. For the next 150 years, the tunnel would be plagued with issues ranging from mechanical system failures to liner wall leakage due to the soil volume above, which is where the idea of shotcrete stabilization was introduced within the project scope.
UndergroundPoe Tunnel
Jason Myers
Read MoreWhen you are faced with a project with limited access, material delivery by helicopter, the nearest personnel access is 5 miles (8 km) away, and the closest outside access to the shotcrete placement location is a half mile away, the only solution to handle all of these issues is shotcrete. The Poe Tunnel is a 15 mile (24 km) long tunnel in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountains and is in an area of steep canyons. The tunnel transports water from a forebay on the North Fork of the American River to the Poe Powerhouse where electrical power is generated. The tunnel is almost 20 ft (6 m) in diameter and was constructed in the 1950's.
UndergroundGeneralThe Value of VR Training for Today’s Shotcrete Nozzlemen
Matthew Wallace
Read MoreRecruiting, training, and retaining skilled shotcrete nozzlemen is mission-critical for a company’s success. Virtual, immersive training offers an effective, engaging mode of learning that supports the modern trainee. For beginning nozzlemen, virtual reality training gives them a safe, repeatable experience that can be completed in a classroom, free of job costs. Practice without cost or risk also helps improve job performance and satisfaction. These disruptive virtual reality (VR) technologies can provide safe, hands-on learning experiences without the field costs associated with hands-on training. Virtual learning is also valuable in today’s socially distanced world with its shifting remote learning requirements. Interactive digital tools will deliver meaningful, adaptive training for skilled trades now and in the future. Though some level of hand nozzling experience is still needed the best nozzlemen will be trained, in part, using virtual reality.
UndergroundEncapsulation of Reinforcement in Tunnel Shotcrete Final Linings
Position Statement #3 ASA Underground Committee
Read MoreUsing shotcrete for the placement of concrete for tunnel final linings is becoming more common. In the past the use of shotcrete final linings was typically limited to non-public or emergency egress areas, however, shotcrete is being used more and more in public areas. The use of shotcrete is typically an attractive alternative to form-and-pour final lining installation where formwork costs are high or technically challenging, pose a scheduling issue, or where labor rates are very high. Typical examples for successful use of shotcrete final linings are complex lining geometries, intersecting or merging tunnels, widenings, short tunnels without sufficient repeating utilization of the forms, or underground systems where formwork would block passing traffic.