Construction workmanship contributes signiïcantly to the quality of any concrete project, but it plays a particularly important role in shotcrete projects. Preconstruction testing of cores taken from sample panels can help flag some potential material problems, but the shotcrete crew™s technique determines the quality of the project. Fortunately, methods have been developed to examine, sample, test, and evaluate the quality of in-place shotcrete, as well as to determine the causes of distress or deterioration. This article recounts investigations into several shotcrete pool projects that exhibited various problems and explains the findings and their significance in each case.