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RepairArchitecturalUndergroundStructuralGeneralShotcrete Incorporated into ACI 318-19 Building Code

Charles Hanskat, Terence C. Holland, and Bruce A. Suprenant

Since the shotcrete process originated well over 100 years ago, improvements in materials, equipment, and placement techniques have enabled it to become a well-proven method for structural concrete placement. The efficiency and flexibility of shotcrete have been used to great advantage in sizable structural projects, as