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UndergroundStructuralGeneralAutomated Shotcrete Application in Tunnelling

Igor Schweiggl, Rainer Antretter, Alex Sellemond, Norbert Fügenschuh, and Peter-Rolf Dietrich

The tunnelling industry has again been working toward the automation of shotcrete application for some years now, after research and development stalled around 2005. Robots had been developed with the capability of…